EGYPT · A JOURNEY OF TRANSFORMATION
From security and infrastructure to healthcare, education, and rural development, Egypt has witnessed extensive projects during this period aimed at modernizing state facilities, expanding their capacity, and improving public services. This section highlights some of what has been accomplished, along with projects that are still underway. This section is continuously updated.
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01Politics and securityFollowing the protests of 30 June 2013, the army, led by then defence minister Abdel Fattah El-Sisi, announced President Mohamed Morsi’s removal on 3 July and a transitional roadmap. This was followed by the 2014 constitution and El-Sisi’s election as president in June that year.
02Politics and securityThe armed forces and police conducted extensive operations against terrorist groups, especially in North Sinai, weakening their capabilities and substantially reducing attacks. Security efforts coincided with rehabilitation of facilities and a return of daily life and development to affected areas.
03Transport and infrastructureNew tunnels under the Suez Canal connect Sinai with the Nile Valley, including the 3 July tunnels at Port Said and Ahmed Hamdy 2, inaugurated in September 2021. These crossings support passenger and freight movement alongside roads, utilities and development projects.
04EnergyMajor power plants were built in Beni Suef, Burullus and the New Administrative Capital, with upgrades to transmission and distribution networks. These investments helped overcome the generation deficit at the start of the period, while securing fuel and sustaining service remain essential.
05EnergyZohr began production in 2017, followed by further exploration. In April 2026, Eni announced a new offshore gas discovery in Egypt’s Temsah concession. These efforts complement field and infrastructure development, while meeting demand still depends on production, fuel availability and imports.
06EnergyEgypt expanded renewable energy projects, notably Benban Solar Park and wind farms in the Gulf of Suez. These projects diversify electricity sources and reduce dependence on fossil fuels.
07Transport and infrastructureNew roads, corridors and bridges were built, existing roads upgraded and production areas linked to cities and ports. The network aims to facilitate movement of people and goods, shorten journeys and open new areas for development.
08Transport and infrastructureDevelopment included new locomotives and carriages, upgraded signalling and stations, metro extensions and light rail operations. Further projects continue to expand public transport and connect new cities.
09Transport and infrastructureIn April 2025, the transport minister announced three new ports, bringing the number cited in the statement to 18. Parallel upgrades covered berths, terminals, logistics yards and deeper navigation channels, with expanded road and rail links supporting trade.
10Transport and infrastructureThe New Suez Canal opened in 2015, followed by improvements to parts of the navigation channel. In parallel, the Suez Canal Economic Zone expanded projects to attract industrial, logistics and service activities linked to global trade.
11Politics and securityModernization programmes added aircraft and naval vessels and diversified suppliers, alongside manufacturing and maintenance technology transfer. Examples of local production include three Gowind vessels built at Alexandria Shipyard with French cooperation and the launch of Luxor in May 2020.
12International relationsEgypt expanded cooperation with China, Russia, Gulf states and Africa while maintaining ties with the United States and European countries. In 2024, it joined BRICS and upgraded EU relations to a strategic and comprehensive partnership, diversifying economic and diplomatic cooperation.
13Rural developmentThe Decent Life initiative aims to improve basic village services, from drinking water and sanitation to schools, healthcare facilities and roads. Projects have been implemented, while further phases continue to broaden access and improve living conditions.
14Housing and urban developmentResidential communities such as Asmarat and Bashayer El Kheir were built to relocate families from unsafe areas into homes with facilities and services. Other projects improved existing urban areas and their residential environments.
15Housing and urban developmentThe state expanded social housing and built new cities such as New Mansoura and New Alamein. These projects aim to provide homes, accommodate population growth and create development opportunities outside densely populated areas.
16Housing and urban developmentNew government offices and digital infrastructure were built, and major ministries and agencies relocated there. The project supports administrative modernization alongside electronic services and staff training.
17HealthThe 100 Million Healthy Lives initiative and testing and treatment campaigns reached millions of people. In October 2023, Egypt became the first country to attain WHO gold tier status on the path to eliminating hepatitis C, following major progress in diagnosis, treatment and reducing infections.
18HealthEfforts included building and upgrading hospitals and health units and gradually introducing universal health insurance in several governorates. The system aims to expand coverage and improve services as rollout continues.
19HealthInitiatives support women’s health and early breast cancer detection, screen for chronic diseases and kidney disorders, and monitor maternal and fetal health. They help identify conditions early and refer patients for treatment.
20EducationNew schools and classrooms were built, with expansion of Egyptian-Japanese schools and applied technology schools. The Egyptian Knowledge Bank and digital learning tools also expanded, while classroom crowding and education quality remained challenges.
21EducationNew public, national and technological universities were established, with more academic programmes and international partnerships. Expansion aims to improve access to higher education and connect studies with labour market skills.
22Social protectionTakaful and Karama provides cash support to eligible families, older people and people with disabilities. It has become a key social protection instrument supporting those most in need.
23Social protectionThe period saw legislation on the rights of people with disabilities, the Integrated Services Card and initiatives such as Differently Abled. These efforts aim to expand access to services and support participation and inclusion.
24Agriculture and waterAgricultural expansion efforts included Toshka, the New Delta and other projects. At the New Delta opening in May 2026, the presidency presented a system to supply water for cultivating 2.2 million feddans, including pumping, treatment and conveyance facilities supporting agriculture alongside the Nile Valley and Delta.
25Agriculture and waterEgypt expanded and upgraded grain silos to improve wheat storage and reduce losses compared with traditional methods. These projects support inventory management and the bread supply system.
26Agriculture and waterMajor treatment plants, including Bahr El Baqar, El Mahsama and El Hammam, were built to support water reuse and agricultural development. These efforts accompanied drinking water and sanitation network improvements in different areas.
27IndustryLocal manufacturing expanded with international companies, including Samsung’s phone and tablet production in Beni Suef and projects in the Suez Canal Economic Zone. These investments aim to support supply chains and exports, create jobs and develop industrial skills.
28Digital transformationElectronic services expanded through Digital Egypt, electronic invoicing and modernization of government agencies and services. Digitization aims to reduce procedures and visits and make services easier to access.
29Digital transformationEfforts included telecom and internet network upgrades, more Digital Egypt innovation centres and technical training. These initiatives prepare young people for programming, digital services and entrepreneurship opportunities.
30Culture and heritageThe Grand Egyptian Museum near the Giza pyramids was formally inaugurated in November 2025, following years of construction and exhibition preparation. Heritage work also included the National Museum of Egyptian Civilization, the Avenue of Sphinxes and improved services at archaeological sites.
31EnergyEl Dabaa is being built in Matrouh as Egypt’s first nuclear electricity plant. The project comprises four units with a planned total capacity of 4,800 MW in cooperation with Rosatom. In July 2026, the reactor vessel for unit two was installed as part of construction.
32International relationsEgypt hosted the Sharm El Sheikh Peace Summit on 13 October 2025 with international participation to support an agreement to end the Gaza war. Egypt emphasized coordination with the United States, Qatar and Türkiye, implementation of the agreement, reconstruction and a political path toward a two-state solution.
33Youth and dialogueSharm El Sheikh hosted World Youth Forum editions bringing together young people from multiple countries to discuss peace, development and international challenges. The fourth edition in January 2022 included pandemic impacts, climate and poverty, alongside cultural events and dialogue with officials.
34Economy and tradeEgyptians’ overseas remittances are an important foreign currency source alongside exports, tourism, the Suez Canal and investment. According to a central bank statement reported by the State Information Service, remittances reached about $41.5 billion in 2025, up 40.5% from 2024.
35Economy and tradeMerchandise export value rose from about $26.8 billion in 2014 to about $52 billion in 2025 according to the two linked sources, approaching twice the earlier value. This reflects growth in dollar export value, with continued efforts to expand manufacturing and overseas markets.
36Politics and securityInterior ministry services expanded electronic procedures, civil registry services, mobile units and smart traffic services. Development also included technology for traffic management, incident reporting and tackling cybercrime, aiming to ease access for citizens and modernize operations.
37Economy and tradeThe Central Bank of Egypt reported provisional net international reserves of USD 57.2145 billion at the end of August 2026. The figure is dated because reserves change monthly and include foreign currencies, gold and other reserve assets.
38Social protectionWages saw successive increases within social protection packages. The government announced a minimum monthly wage of EGP 8,000 for state employees from July 2026. Coverage and implementation rules vary by sector and employment category.
39International relationsEgypt continued mediation and de-escalation efforts concerning Gaza, alongside diplomacy supporting political solutions and the unity and institutions of Libya and Sudan. Working with regional and international partners, these efforts seek to reduce the conflicts’ regional impact and protect Egyptian interests.
40IndustryMineral development efforts included the Iqat gold discovery in the Eastern Desert, with exploration, drilling and extraction facilities. These projects create opportunities for investment, mining services and employment, while further areas are explored and their viability assessed.